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# We use pointO, pointV and pointD to draw the points in various forms;
# Dot draws pixels, pointlike dots (see here).
 
# rain: millimetres per month in a period of three years, in a given locality

mm <- c(44, 59, 75, 80,96,98,97,99,100,102,104,101,
        103,102,108,100,92,71,49,28, 27, 45,66, 81,
         92,99, 93, 85, 75,67,61,62, 64, 68,71, 72)
HF=3.5; BF=3.5; BOXW(-110,110, -110,110)
for(i in 1:4) circl(0,0, i*25, "grey60")
for(i in 1:12) Directio(0,0, i*30, 100, "grey60")
ang <- seq(30,30*12*3,30) 
polyline(xrot(ang)*mm,yrot(ang)*mm,"blue")
A1 <- ang[1:12]; A2 <- ang[13:24]; A3 <- ang[25:36]
mm1 <- mm[1:12]; mm2 <- mm[13:24]; mm3 <- mm[25:36]
pointO(xrot(A1)*mm1,yrot(A1)*mm1,"black")
pointD(xrot(A2)*mm2,yrot(A2)*mm2,"black")
pointV(xrot(A3)*mm3,yrot(A3)*mm3,"black")
text(xrot(ang[1]+5)*115,yrot(ang[1]+5)*115,"Ja")
text(xrot(ang[4]+5)*115,yrot(ang[4]+5)*115,"Ap")
text(xrot(ang[7]+5)*115,yrot(ang[7]+5)*115,"Ju")
text(xrot(ang[10]+5)*115,yrot(ang[10]+5)*115,"Oc")

    

# geographic co-ordinates, density of population of some italian regions (= districts)
# es.: 0.117208*10^6 popul., area 3262 in km^2   (year: 1991)
# (each disk represents three data: the population density and the two geographic
#  coordinates of the chief town)
CIRCLE = function(x,cit) {r <- sqrt(x[3])/25;
  circl(x[1],x[2],r,"red"); text(x[1],x[2],cit,font=2) }
PLANE(7,14, 41.3,46.5)
aosta <- c(7.31,45.75,0.117208*10^6/3262)
trentino <- c(11.12,46.08,0.934731*10^6/13618)
piemonte <- c(7.68,45.08,4.338*10^6/25399)
lombardia <- c(9.17,45.47,8.941*10^6/23859)
veneto <- c(12.33,45.43,4.453*10^6/18364)
liguria <- c(8.93,44.42,1.702*10^6/5418)
toscana <- c(11.24,43.78,3.599*10^6/22992)
e_romagna <- c(11.34,44.5,3.984*10^6/22123)
umbria <- c(12.39,43.11,0.822972*10^6/8456)
marche <- c(13.5,43.6,1.447*10^6/9693)
lazio <- c(12.5,41.89,5.146*10^6/17203)
CIRCLE(aosta,"ao"); CIRCLE(trentino,"tr"); CIRCLE(piemonte,"pi")
CIRCLE(veneto,"ve"); CIRCLE(lombardia,"lo"); CIRCLE(liguria,"li")
CIRCLE(toscana,"to"); CIRCLE(e_romagna,"er"); CIRCLE(umbria,"um")
CIRCLE(marche,"ma"); CIRCLE(lazio,"la")
 
# Using the generate random numbers runif(n,A,B) that generates n random numbers
# "uniformly" distributed from A to B (see here) I can compare population densities
BF=2.5; HF=2.5
m=-0.5; M=10.5
PLANEww(m,M, m,M)
polyl(c(m,M,M,m,m), c(m,m,M,M,m),"brown")
aosta = 0.117208*10^6/3262; aosta
# 35.93133
liguria = 1.702*10^6/5418; liguria
# 314.1381
for(i in 1:round(aosta) ) Point(runif(1,0,10),runif(1,0,10),"blue")
underx("val d'aosta")
PLANEww(m,M, m,M)
polyl(c(m,M,M,m,m), c(m,m,M,M,m),"brown")
for(i in 1:round(liguria) ) Point(runif(1,0,10),runif(1,0,10),"blue")
underx("liguria")
                   
 
# If I want, with ColPoint I can change the colors of the "points". W
# With  ColPoint = NULL  I have no color.
HF=3.5; BF=3.5; BOXW(-110,110, -110,110)
for(i in 1:4) circl(0,0, i*25, "grey60")
for(i in 1:12) Directio(0,0, i*30, 100, "grey60")
ang <- seq(30,30*12*3,30) 
polyline(xrot(ang)*mm,yrot(ang)*mm,"blue")
A1 <- ang[1:12]; A2 <- ang[13:24]; A3 <- ang[25:36]
mm1 <- mm[1:12]; mm2 <- mm[13:24]; mm3 <- mm[25:36]
ColPoint="red"; pointO(xrot(A1)*mm1,yrot(A1)*mm1,"black")
ColPoint="yellow"; pointD(xrot(A2)*mm2,yrot(A2)*mm2,"black")
ColPoint="green"; pointV(xrot(A3)*mm3,yrot(A3)*mm3,"black")
text(xrot(ang[1]+5)*115,yrot(ang[1]+5)*115,"Ja")
text(xrot(ang[4]+5)*115,yrot(ang[4]+5)*115,"Ap")
text(xrot(ang[7]+5)*115,yrot(ang[7]+5)*115,"Ju")
text(xrot(ang[10]+5)*115,yrot(ang[10]+5)*115,"Oc")
 
                 
 
Other examples of use