# Analisi dei dati raccolti dagli alunni femmine e maschi sulle loro telefonate e messaggi # dati elaborati con R (ai ragazzi si possono dare gia' eleborati dopo aver fatto # fare loro qualcosa col foglio di calcolo); qui ci sono solo 3 grafici teleff <- c(0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, 2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2, 2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3, 3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4, 4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,5,5,5,5,5, 5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,6,6,6, 6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,7,7,7,7,7,8,8,10,10,10,10,10, 10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,13,15,15,15,15,20,20) telefm <- c(0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2, 2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2, 2,2,2,2,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3, 3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,4, 4,4,4,4,4,4,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5, 5,5,5,5,5,6,6,6,6,8,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10, 10,12,14,15,17,20,30,80) messagf <- c(0,0,0,0,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,5,5,5,5,5,6,6,6,8,8,10,10,10,10,10,10, 10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,12,12,13,15,15,15,15,15,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20, 20,20,25,25,25,25,25,25,25,30,30,30,30,30,35,35,40,40,40,40,47,50,50,50,50,55,60,60,60,60, 70,80,80,80,85,90,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,150,150,150, 150,150,150,150,150,185,200,200,200,200,200,200,200,200,200,200,250,250,250,280,300,300, 300,300,300,300,400,400,500,500,500,600,600,700,900,2000) messagm <- c(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,5,5,5,5,5,5,6, 6,7,8,8,8,9,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,12,12,12,12,15,15,15,15,15, 15,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,20,25,30,30,30,30,30,30,30,34,35,40,50,50,50,50,50,55,65, 70,80,80,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,115,120,120,130,150,150,153,200,200,200,200,200, 200,200,250,500,600,800) # sintesi e rappresentazione grafica dei dati source("http://macosa.dima.unige.it/r.R") istogramma(messagf) ## Frequenze e frequenze percentuali: ## 126, 20, 5, 3, 1, 0,0 0,0, 1 ## 80.77,12.82,3.21,1.92,0.64,0,0,0,0,0.64 istogramma(messagm) ## Frequenze e frequenze percentuali: ## 102, 15, 8, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1 ## 79.69,11.72,6.25,0,0,0.78,0.78,0.78 istogramma(teleff) ## Frequenze e frequenze percentuali: ## 20, 56, 41, 16, 2, 14, 1, 4, 0, 2 ## 12.82,35.9,26.28,10.26,1.28,8.97,0.64,2.56,0,1.28 istogramma(telefm) ## Frequenze e frequenze percentuali: ## 110, 15, 1, 1, 0,0,0, 1 ## 85.94,11.72,0.78,0.78,0,0,0,0.78 # Conviene toogliere le code destre, ossia coloro che hanno moltissime # telefonate o messaggi. # Cambia notevolmente l'aspetto: telefm2 <- subset( telefm,telefm < 10.1 ) teleff2 <- subset( teleff,teleff < 10.1 ) messagm2 <- subset( messagm,messagm < 260 ) messagf2 <- subset( messagf,messagf < 260 ) # Otteniamo # Volendo confrontare meglio scelgo gli interv. delle telef. dei maschi Istogramma(messagm2, 0,260, 20) # # Ecco che cosa si può vedere mettendo insieme i dati: # Si sono usati comandi un po' più complicati: hist(messagm2,seq(0,260,20),angle=45,density=7,probability=TRUE,col="blue") hist(messagf2,seq(0,260,20),angle=135,density=7,probability=TRUE,add=TRUE,col="red") hist(telefm2,angle=45,density=7,probability=TRUE,col="blue") hist(teleff2,angle=135,density=7,probability=TRUE,add=TRUE,col="red") # Senza usare questi comandi, posso semplicemente modificare col mouse l'altezza dei grafici # ottenuti; ecco quelli dei messaggi: # # http://www.gutenberg.org/files/13401/13401-h/13401-h.htm#13 http://www.lastoriasiamonoi.rai.it/puntate/antonio-meucci/426/default.aspx http://www.sapere.it/sapere/pillole-di-sapere/costume-e-societa/invenzione-telefono-bell-o-meucci.html # # abbonati per 100 abitanti al tel.fisso (colore blu) e al cellulare (rosso) anni <- seq(1925,2010,5) dens_abbonati <- c(0.4,0.7,0.9,1.2,1.3,2.0,3.7,6.0,9.6,12.7,18.1,20.2,31.6,40.8,44.1,45.4,42.1,35.6) Piano(1925,2010, 0,80) spezzata(anni, dens_abbonati, "red") PUNTI(anni, dens_abbonati, "brown") anni2 <- seq(1985,2010,5) dens_abbonati2 <- c(0,0.4,7.0,45,69,78) spezzata(anni2, dens_abbonati2, "blue") PUNTI(anni2, dens_abbonati2, "red") # Su Meucci # cambiamento rispetto al telefono # video TV di P.Angela